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Understanding its impact on kidney physiology and kidney-related conditions is of utmost importance, particularly when considering the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Muslim patients determined to fast during Ramadan, irrespective of their geographic location. However, there are no guidelines or standardized protocols that can help physicians to properly address the issue of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) fasting in Ramadan and to correctly advise them. Doctors have been urged to provide clear guidance on fasting for patients with kidney disease ahead of Ramadan. Kidney Research UK and the British Islamic Medical Association have released new Some research suggests that for patients within earlier stages of CKD with a stable kidney function, fasting could be safely undertaken. Other research has indicated that additional factors, such as age, could also influence the safety of fasting for those with CKD. Our review highlights that patients with CKD wishing to fast should undergo a thorough risk assessment ideally within a month before Ramadan, as they may require medication changes and a plan for regular monitoring of renal function and electrolytes in order to fast safely. We suggest that all patients with CKD should be deemed high risk or very high risk for fasting. We conclude, however, that patients with stable mild/moderate CKD (stage 1–3) may be able to fast providing they are carefully monitored and counselled. Ramadan and chronic kidney disease • Most studies did not find any differences between before and after Ramadan fasting • Bernieh et al. found improvements during the fasting and after • 3 studies presented mixed evidences of an increased risk for fasting patients during Ramadan, and 3 clear negative evidences Bragazzi NL. J Res Med Sci Our main findings are that: chronic kidney disease patients can safely fast during Ramadan since glomerular filtration rate does not change in a statistically significant way and, even though most studies have been carried out during Ramadan falling in cold seasons, the sensitivity analysis did not reveal any impact of seasonality. This Ramadan, we're partnering with Kidney Research UK to provide crucial information for those with kidney disease who are considering fasting. Understanding the risks and making informed decisions is paramount. Key Information Fasting with Kidney Disease Fasting is a personal decision. Have a chat with your healthcare team well in Ramadan fasting (RF) involves abstaining from food and drink during daylight hours; it is obligatory for all healthy Muslims from the age of puberty. Although sick individuals are exempt from fasting, many will fast anyway. This article explores the impact of RF on individuals with kidney diseases t Fasting and kidney disease. Fasting is a religious obligation for Muslims during Ramadan, and many people look forward to this month. Some kidney patients may be able to fast with medical supervision, but others, like Rayhan, are exempt due to the risk posed to their health. T he most relevant studies involve people with kidney disease who fast during Ramadan. One 2017 study of 65 adults with stage 3 or higher CKD found that fasting associated with Ramadan was linked Background There is a growing literature on guidelines regarding Ramadan fasting for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, most studies only consider the impact of fasting on renal function. This study additionally aims to assess factors influencing Ramadan fasting in patients with CKD. Method This is a prospective before and after cohort study. CKD patients were counseled regarding The hours spent on fasting can vary from a minimum of 12 hours, as in Australia, to a maximum of 21 hours, as in Sweden. Most countries have 11 to 16 hours of fasting on average. The main concern, especially when Ramadan falls in hot summer months, is the impact of fluid restriction and dehydration on renal disease patients during fasting hours. To examin the effect of Ramadan fasting on worsening of renal function (WRF). This was a single-arm prospective observational study including 65 patients with stage 3 or higher chronic kidney disease (CKD). By definition, WRF was considered to have Hence, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting on kidney and the factors affecting this relationship in patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: This study involving 117 patients [36 females, 81 males; mean age, 60 (46.0-70.0) years] with stage 2-3 chronic kidney and fasting. Patients were evaluated
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