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Published studies examining the risk of Ramadan fasting in patients with atrial fibrillation, inherited arrhythmic syndromes, valvular heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, heart transplantation or ACHD are lacking. Consensus statements on Ramadan fasting in patients with cardiovascular diseases. All patients with CAD willing to fast should be evaluated on an individual basis by physicians, and potential risks must be discussed. Fasting may be tolerated in most patients with stable chronic coronary syndrome. Published studies examining the risk of Ramadan fasting in patients with atrial fibrillation, inherited arrhythmic syndromes, valvular heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, heart transplantation or ACHD are lacking. Ramadan fasting is not associated with any change in incidence of acute cardiac illness and the majority of cardiac patients can fast without any difficulty. Improvement in lipid profile, especially 30% to 40% increment in high-density lipoprotein, as reported in some studies, appear promising. This review was undertaken to assess the effects of Ramadan fasting on: the incidence of cardiovascular disease during the month of Ramadan; the clinical status of patients with stable cardiac disease; and any alterations in cardiometabolic risk profile. Fasting during Ramadan is essentially a radical change in lifestyle for the period of one lunar month that may affect cardiovascular risk in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and cerebro-vascular disease (CVD) [4, 5]. We reviewed the literature to help healthcare professionals educate, discuss and manage patients with cardiovascular conditions, who are considering fasting. Studies on the safety of Ramadan fasting in patients with cardiac disease are sparse, observational, of small sample size and have short follow-up. We reviewed the literature to help healthcare professionals educate, discuss and manage patients with cardiovascular conditions, who are considering fasting. Studies on the safety of Ramadan fasting in patients with cardiac disease are sparse, observational, of small sample size and have short follow- up. I have a heart condition is it safe to fast during Ramadan? Many people with a heart or circulatory condition can fast safely from dawn until sunset during the month of Ramadan. But if your heart condition could worsen, making you unwell, because of fasting, you are not required to fast. This study shows a significant improvement in 10 years coronary heart disease risk score and other cardiovascular risk factors such as lipids profile, systolic blood pressure, weight, BMI and waist circumference in subjects with a previous history of cardiovascular disease. Al Suwaidi et al. studied 465 stable cardiac patients attending outpatient cardiology clinics with different stable heart diseases including heart failure, atrial fibrillation (AF), and valvular disease who observed Ramadan fast (288 patients [62%] had angina). They found that 91.2% fasted without detrimental effects, and only 6.7% felt worse It notes that fasting is generally safe for those with stable cardiovascular conditions, and may provide some benefits like improved control of hypertension and risk factors. However, those with unstable conditions should consult a physician on any adjustments to medications or activities during Ramadan fasting. The document also provides Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting and caloric restriction regimens have shown to have general health-beneficial and disease-preventing effects on the body. Fasting allows the production of new white blood cells, it necessitates glucose and fat consumption, and activates stem cells to regenerate new cells in the immune system. Ramadan fasting Suggested pre-Ramadan and post-Ramadan checklist for reviewing patients with cardiovascular conditions. CKD, chronic kidney disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; IM, intramuscular; S/L, sublingual; U&E of whom are likely to observe Ramadan fasting.1 With a significantly high and increasing prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Muslim communities, including the UK,2 healthcare professionals (HCPs) are likely to come across requests from patients asking for their suitability for Ramadan fasting. Adult Muslims are obligated to fast during the Many of them have chronic medical illnesses such as ischemic heart disease, hypertension & diabetes mellitus. This study aims to investigate the association between fasting during Ramadan and the prevalence and risk of having coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients who underwent coronary catheterization. Ramadan fasting is observed by most of the 1.8 billion Muslims around the world. It lasts for 1 month per the lunar calendar year and is the abstention from any food and drink from dawn to sunset. NasrAllah et al. observed adverse cardiovascular events in six patients (11.5%) in the fasting cohort during the month of Ramadan compared with only one patient (1.9%) in the control group (p = 0.036) and were associated with an increase in serum creatinine after one week of fasting and the presence of pre-existing cardiovascular disease . Many people with chronic diseases fast and experience symptoms while fasting. Being woman and not waking up for sahur was related with the symptoms during Ramadan fasting. Most participants with NIDs fasted during Ramadan without consulting their doctors. Keywords: Fasting, Ramadan, Non-infectious Disease, Chronic Disease, Consultation All these changes undoubtedly have an impact on the pharmacological properties of certain treatments, especially antiplatelet, antihypertensive and of heart failure treatment.However, there are no guidelines or standardized protocols that can help physicians to properly address the issue of patients with cardiac diseases fasting in Ramadan and
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